Levofloxacin
(Antimycobacterial Drugs:Quinolones)
|
Dosage form
|
Brand
|
Strength
|
|
Tablet,
Vial(solution)
|
Cravit®,
Lefloxin®, Levocin®, Levox®, Loxof®, Olfovel®
|
100
mg, 250 mg, 500 mg, 250 mg/50 ml, 500 mg/100 ml, 750 mg/150 ml
|
Indication
:
Tx of community-acquired pneumonia, including multidrug resistant strains of
S.pneumoniae (MDRSP); nosocomial pneumonia; chronic bronchitis (acute bacterial
exacerbation); acute bacterial sinusitis; prostatitis, urinary tract infection
(uncomplicated or complicated)
Mechanism
of action : inhibits
DNA gyrase in susceptible organisms thereby inhibits relaxation of supercoiled
DNA and promotes breakage of DNA strands. DNA gyrase (topoisomerase ll), is an
essential bacterial enzyme that maintains the superhelical structure of DNA and
is required for DNA replication and transcription, DNA repair, recombination,
and transposition.
Pregnancy
Category
C
Contraindication
:
hypersensitivity to levofloxacin, any component of the formulation, or other
quinolones
Precaution
:
there have been reports of tendon inflammation and/or rupture with quinolone
antibiotics; risk maybe increased with concurrent corticosteroids, organ
transplant recipients, and in patients > 60 years of age. DM
Drug
Interaction : use of levofloxacin with drugs that alter blood-glucose
concentrations increases the risk of blood-glucose disturbances. Levofloxacin
does not appear to interact significantly with theophylline or ciclosporin.
Side
Effect :
Oral/IV: Nausea, diarrhoea, constipation, headache, insomnia, inj site
reactions (IV). Ophthalmic: Transient decrease in vision, ocular burning,
ocular pain or discomfort, foreign body sensation, headache, fever,
pharyngitis, photophobia.
Monitoring
parameters : evaluation of organ system function (renal, hepatic, and
hematopoietic) is recommended periodically during therapy; the possibility of
crystalluria should be assessed; WBC and sigs of infection
Usual
Dose : adult:
oral, I.V.: 250-500 mg every 24 hours; severe
or complicated infections: 750 mg every 24 hours
Auxiliary
labels : Take with a
full glass of water May cause dizziness, drowsiness, or lightheadedness. Avoid
too much sun exposure or use of sunlamp. Continue medicine for full time of
treatment.
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